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effective atomic number Zeff. Poroikov [1] has proposed the following formula for calculating ... to calculate the effective atomic number. Every element ...

http://www.springerlink.com/index/PM47MV1047531324.pdf

stance. These are the effective atomic number Z* and .... number, electron density and effective atomic number across a section of normal brain including ...

http://www.springerlink.com/index/V01U48J80T143V83.pdf

useful data of the effective atomic number (2,) and mass absorption coefficient ... The effective atomic number values were calculated by the method of ...

http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/0031-9155/16/4/005/pbv16i4p617.pdf

Accordingly, the effective atomic number, Zeff, and the electron density, Nel, ... the effective atomic number of bio-molecules. No further information is ...

http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/0031-9155/53/20/N01/pmb8_20_n01.pdf

by E Saion - 1983Key words: Gamma ray attenuation coefficient; effective atomic number; ... at low gamma ray energies and the effective atomic number was determined by the ...

http://psasir.upm.edu.my/2179/1/Determination_of_Effective_Atomic_Number_of_Rubber.pdf

Spiers defines an effective atomic number, Z, as ..... effective atomic number of a compound material, is adjusted to the values of the attenuation ...

http://bjr.birjournals.org/cgi/reprint/42/497/378.pdf

variation of 1 part in 400 of effective atomic number to be detected. ..... (A) Electron density and (B) effective atomic number of 12 ...

http://bjr.birjournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/597/613.pdf

an effective atomic number. III. P. URPOSE. It was experimentally proved that the accuracy of electron density measured in the dual-energy x-ray CT achieved ...

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/9892/31438/01466699.pdf?arnumber=1466699

effective atomic number (Zeff) of a target has been developed and characterized. It is a non-destructive sensor which utilizes a cadmium telluride (CdTe) ...

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel1/23/3253/00106624.pdf

by S GOWDA - 2004 - Cited by 5

http://www.ias.ac.in/pramana/v63/p529/fulltext.pdf

by KK NAIR - 2006 - Related articles

http://www.ias.ac.in/pramana/v67/p501/fulltext.pdf

by SV Naydenov - 2003 - Cited by 8

http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/678525/files/0310118.pdf

change of effective atomic number following contrast enhancement. Index .... values of the effective atomic number, Z, in Fig. 2. ...

http://pdfs.journals.lww.com/jcat/1978/04000/Effective_Atomic_Number_and_Electron_Density_as.14.pdf

Computed tomographic attenuation and effective atomic number were ... tion of effective atomic number by dual energy CT provides a more accurate ...

http://pdfs.journals.lww.com/jcat/1982/06000/28.pdf

Density-Atom # Calibrate- Provides calculation of true density and effective atomic number images from dual energy scans - usually at ...

http://www.kehlco.com/FeaturesVC.pdf

by T Kaneyasu - Cited by 3

http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/Accelconf/p05/PAPERS/RPAP012.PDF

by S Ogorodnikov - Cited by 4

http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/accelconf/e02/PAPERS/MOPRI103.pdf

on the effective energy of the beam and the atomic number of the target. ... using only the effective atomic number of the target as the ...

http://www.qhsj.org/attachments/103_vol626.pdf

uted linearly with the effective atomic number of the scatterer for all energies investigated ..... plotted as a function of the effective atomic number(8). ...

http://rpd.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/97/3/223.pdf

along with additional low Z effective atomic number, high sensitive TL material, it is possible ... equivalent, with effective atomic number for photoelec- ...

http://rpd.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/66/1-4/153.pdf

To obtain both density and effective atomic number. CT images are taken at two X-ray energies. One energy is high enough for the X-rays to be predominantly ...

http://www.onepetro.org/google/Papers/SPE/eJournal_Papers/spe/1986/JPT/03/00015277/00015277.pdf?id=00015277&soc=SPE

number species. For example, the effective atomic number of water is 7.54 because there are two ..... either density or effective atomic number. The images ...

http://www.onepetro.org/google/Papers/SPE/eJournal_Papers/spe/1987/JPT/08/00016983/00016983.pdf?id=00016983&soc=SPE

In the expressions above, Z1 and v1 are the (effective) atomic number and the speed of the projectile, while v2 and n are the (effective) average orbital ...

http://cyclotron.tamu.edu/2004 Progress Report/4 Atomic, Molecular, and Materials Science/IV_6_rlw_LxR.pdf

for the penetrating optical levels, where Zi is the effective atomic number and ni the effective total quantum number for the inner part of the orbit ...

http://www.pnas.org/content/12/2/80.full.pdf

should be proportional to the effective atomic number of the scatterer. In order to determine the natural structure of the Compton modified ...

http://www.pnas.org/content/14/11/871.full.pdf

by J Greenborg - 1996 - Related articles

http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/226084-no4xBE/webviewable/226084.pdf

by WW Moses - Related articles

http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/132773-OMsZZl/webviewable/132773.pdf

The material has an effective atomic number and mass density which simulates ... RANDOо lung material has the same effective atomic number as the soft ...

http://www.phantomlab.com/pdf/RAN100_110DS.pdf

by DA Andersson - 2006 - Cited by 36

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1450116/pdf/zpq3518.pdf

by FW Spiers - 1964 - Related articles

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2482706/pdf/postmedj00423-0035.pdf

by MT Gruneisen - 1989 - Cited by 7

http://www.optics.rochester.edu/workgroups/boyd/papers/Gruneisen_PRA_89.pdf

standards, changes in effective atomic number can be determined. Knowing that simultaneous changes in density (from CT number) and atomic number (dual ...

http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/factsheets/rd/R&D050.pdf

by CÖ Karacan - Related articles

http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/03/carbon-seq/PDFs/115.pdf

EFF_Z_PER_A = effective ratio ofratio of effective atomic number to mass (AMU-1). REL_STOP_RATIO = linear stopping power ratio relative to water.

ftp://medical.nema.org/medical/dicom/final/cp618_ft.pdf

Advanced technology effective atomic number analysis combined with computed tomography density and image generation. Display ...

http://www.surescaneds.com/pdfs/USA_web.pdf

density and Zeff (effective atomic number) properties. Liquid explosives, a new category of concern for civil aviation, present a difficult challenge, ...

http://www.revealimaging.com/MediaLibrary/file/Reveal Liquid and HME White Paper_November 2009.pdf

effective atomic number and density as a real explosive sample. The beta test program demonstrated that the nonhazardous NESTT materials can benefit ...

https://www.llnl.gov/str/pdfs/09_97.3.pdf

For a mixture of atomic species, the "effective" atomic number Ze is given by. (2) where / is fraction of electrons on the /th atomic species and Z, ...

http://jsedres.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/reprint/64/3a/690.pdf

the effective sample weight(2,3) and to account for matrix effects in samples with variable thickness.(4-8) Kunzendorf(9) measured mean atomic number by x- ...

http://www.informaworld.com/index/713633716.pdf

by effective atomic number, and the beam energies of the irradiator. This completes the picture with respect to determining the dose that was received by ...

http://www.rerf.or.jp/shared/ds02/pdf/chapter07a/cha07a-p369-383.pdf

different functions of energy and atomic number, then by making two measurements the effective atomic number of the material being X-rayed can be determined ...

http://www.varian.com/media/security_and_inspection/resources/articles/pdf/Dual_Energy_Detection_of_WMD.pdf

Effective atomic number. Zi. Atomic number of element i a. Parameter in point-source dose functions b. Angle subtended by the effective active-source length ...

http://jicru.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/4/2/11.pdf

by Y Das - Related articles

ftp://ftp.fao.org/agl/agll/docs/wcss.pdf

Effective Atomic Number (E.A.N.). The. E.A.N, is the name given to the total number of electrons that enter into the configuration of ...

http://www.fischer-tropsch.org/Bureau_of_Mines/bulletins/bultn_600/bultn_600_sec02.pdf

by I Ferrara - 1996 - Cited by 29

http://www.roma3.infn.it/hirespet/useof.pdf

The effective atomic number and the density of Mix R could be adjusted by adding carbon powder to ... 2r( I ) is the effective atomic number for photo- ...

http://ir.library.osaka-u.ac.jp/metadb/up/LIBLSK001/JJRS-36-2-143-147.pdf

F. Special topics: Bioinorganic chemistry, catalysis, environmental chemistry, organometallic chemistry, including effective atomic number rule, bonding ...

http://www.ets.org/Media/Tests/MFT/pdf/mft_testdesc_chemistry_3ymf.pdf

by IKDCE Kanellopoulos - 1999 - Cited by 8

http://www.teiath.gr/stef/tio/medisp/pdfs/KANDARAKIS_1999_A_METHOD_FOR_DETERMINING.pdf

by I Kandarakis - 1998 - Cited by 33

http://www.teiath.gr/stef/tio/medisp/pdfs/KANDARAKIS_1998_Evaluating Zn2SiO4.pdf

What is 'Effective Atomic Number' rule ? What is its significance ? 7. In the naturally occurring uranium decay series, the nuclide 92U238 decays in ...

http://www.keralauniversity.edu/questionbank/pgentrance/chemistry.pdf