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The main types of lexical transformations. The use of the logical operations of specification and generalization in the translating process. Modulation. ...

http://www.upsc.md/_Plan_Studii/LSTRAINE/Catedra%20Germana/germana/anul%20III/anul%20III%20sem%20VI/F.06.A.055-F.06.A.056.pdf

types of lexical and structural transformations. In extreme cases they have to change the lexical and .... The main contribution is the concept of a lexical ...

http://www.mt-archive.info/LREC-2008-Babych-1.pdf

Section 5, which is the main section of the paper, we introduce a number ..... them are lexical types is also possible and we generalise their transformation as ..... ranges before applying the transformation of lexical attributes which ...

http://people.dsv.su.se/~petia/Publications/ER96-qual.pdf

other at the beginning of a main clause. The finite main verb or aux- ..... [3] Lexical transformations may involve other types of alterations as ...

http://acl.ldc.upenn.edu/C/C82/C82-1024.pdf

transformation/lexicon distinction, is incorrect, and that a better analysis is a lexical one that recognizes two qualitatively different lexical rule types ...

http://www.ling.rochester.edu/people/runner/dnload/AranovichRunnerWCCFL.pdf

action with the lexical transfer component, and types of transformations. ... Explanation: main verb demoted to adverb; embedded verb replaces finite verb. ...

http://www.springerlink.com/index/6mwd3tmapxf1n7ap.pdf

As a result, the types of mechanisms involved in this transformation ... it is not the main verb (see note 1). To account for these facts, ..... unilingual entries for that stem are modified by lexical transformation (e.g., for passive) ...

http://www2.parc.com/istl/groups/gir/papers/psn_chin89.pdf

The main directions in the history of linguistic theory of translation. ...... Types of lexical transformations. 4. Absence of lexical correspondences. ...

http://uzswlu.datasite.uz/data/Module/lectures_of_translation.pdf

process, or do they respond differentially to different types of linguistic structure? ... The main source of evidence in this currently inconclusive debate .... transformations deals with outliers without the need to remove data ...

http://csl.psychol.cam.ac.uk/publications/pdf/05_Tyler_PNAS.pdf

replaced syntactic transformations with lexical rules. In the wake of this ... phrasal signs are of two different types: lexeme and word. The lexeme car- ...

http://csli-publications.stanford.edu/HPSG/4/runner-aranovich.pdf

Other sources of problems in lexical transformations are related to the scope of ... types of components can be translated directly from a format to another, ..... in the lexical and syntactic layers. The main objective of both ...

http://www.dia.fi.upm.es/~ocorcho/documents/SIMIS2004_CorchoGomezPerez.pdf

different types of lexical ontologies, which describe the terminology used in an ... The main mapping procedures are based in the following types of analysis: .... be observed from the figure, the following transformations are applied: ...

http://www.towntology.net/Meetings/0710-Torino/articles/05Paper%20(60-74).pdf

The main objective of this paper is to examine a new emergent French known as ... grammatical structures and lexical pressures. The study was based on graded State ..... Different types of errors were detected from this approach. ...

http://mjal.org/Journal/Evolution%20and%20Transformation%20of%20the%20French%20Language%20in%20C%C3%B4te%20d%E2%80%99Ivoire.pdf

LEXICAL INSERTION. TRANSFORMATIONS apply, one by one, to derive new structures. The FORM ... on that phrase, according to the type of semantic role. .... transformation), but is applied in the main clause on the second cycle. ...

http://grammar.ucsd.edu/courses/lign121/lecturenotes2-11.pdf

2.4.15 “Introduced separate lexical non-terminals for each type of con- ..... A grammar aware adaptation, or transformation, language would enable a ...

http://homepages.cwi.nl/~paulk/theses/Schatborn.pdf

The main role of the XAIF is to define a layer of ... Different types of source transformations may operate at different code granularities. For example, .... Lexical Analysis. Syntax Analysis. Canonicalization. Back−end. Unparsing ...

http://www.mcs.anl.gov/xaif/xaif.pdf

step a syntactic transformation is applied, the second step uses a lexical- ... the main line of this work. We summarize our initial findings and ... In this chapter we introduce various types of lexical semantic relations that are ...

http://eprints.pascal-network.org/archive/00004988/01/Main.pdf

3. syntactic transformation for example, the position of the subject may be moved, .... for a sentence: main verb, subject, object - essential, prepositional ... different types of lexical relations - repetition, inflectional relation, ...

http://eref.uqu.edu.sa/files/eref2/folder2/cut_and_paste_based_text_summarization_108553.pdf

The main gramatical reason for this hypothesis is that a ... have some teleological properties: there nay be different types of 'direction', .... this case lexical insertion transformations would not only be restricted accor- ...

http://www.discourses.org/OldArticles/A%20Note%20on%20Linguistic%20Macro-structures.pdf

Similarly, types of lexical units can be distinguished on the basis of ..... Similarly, most modern manuals reduce the main extreme types of ... rules and transformations can be considered as structures typical for literary ...

http://discurso-uaq.weebly.com/uploads/2/7/7/5/2775690/van_dijk10.pdf

The three main components of this definition will now be described in more detail. ...... 2.4.2 Types of lexical transformations of the sentence ...

http://www.dfki.de/~wahlster/Publications/Anatomy_HAM-RPM.pdf

ii. transformations du relief des versants], conséquences des actions de l' homme .... prepositional attachments corresponding to different types of lexical ...

http://www.univ-tlse2.fr/erss/textes/pagespersos/cfabre/articles/Fabre-et-BourigaultCL01.pdf

(1985), there are two main types of acronyms, namely: .... most common reason for a language to borrow words is to fill lexical and semantic gaps, ... normally involves the transformation of one part of speech into another. ...

http://webdelprofesor.ula.ve/humanidades/azapata/materias/english_4/unit_1_types_of_words_and_word_formation_processes.pdf

6) Contextual method of analysis deals with structural, lexical semantic ... which determine the types of transpositions / transformations typical of adaptive ... The defining of the main transpositions while trans-coding from type of ...

http://advancedscience.org/2011/1/2011-01-01-015.pdf

This is known as lexical transformation. 2.1. Tokens. There are six types of tokens – identifiers, keywords, constants and operators. Tokens ...

http://www1.cs.columbia.edu/~sedwards/classes/2010/w4115-fall/lrms/DINO.pdf

The second main factor, on the “pull” side, is the pressing requirement [BL00] to ..... schema of Ω, Λ is a finite set of lexical entity types, and B ⊆ Λ×C is a ... translations or other lexical transformations to occur between the ...

http://www.starlab.vub.ac.be/publications/STAR-2001-01.pdf

that it is lexicalized, i.e., each lexical item is an- chored to a tree structure that encodes ... of the main anchor, the number of arguments, each argument's category and position .... particular type of transformation for a subcat- ...

http://faculty.washington.edu/fxia/papers_from_penn/tag98.pdf

Language learning strategies are of the two main types ... manipulation or transformation of the foreign language by the learner , they fall into four sets ...

http://arts.kufauniv.com/journal%20of%20adabul-kufa/2/nmber%203/elven.pdf

der to merge multiple tokens. Token merging ap- plies to polylexical units, syntactic or para-textual structures. We distinguish two main types of resources ...

http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/C/C10/C10-2056.pdf

ever the cause, it is important to note that any effect of ISI variation was independent of lexical status. The types of transformations and their frequency ...

http://lpl.psy.ohio-state.edu/documents/Shoaf20and20Pitt-15.pdf

nor does the tagger use external lexicons or lists of different types. .... The lexical and the contextual modules have different transformation templates. ...

http://ccl.pku.edu.cn/doubtfire/nlp/Lexical_Analysis/Word_Segmentation_Tagging/Eric_Brill/Brill_Rule_Based_POS_Tager_by_Beata_Megyesi.pdf

There are two main approaches to this problem: based on transformation and weighting. ..... classifiers of types of lexical semantic relations [39], e.g. ...

http://www.proceedings2008.imcsit.org/pliks/163.pdf

radically different types of organisation, and it is at least a .... the main- stream assumptions. If it turns out that lexicography is better if ... for distinguishing lexical rules from transformations, but these are at best a ...

http://ijl.oxfordjournals.org/content/1/4/287.full.pdf

this paper includes the work of Baldwin (2005b) in training a transformation- based learner over data tagged with ERG lexical types. We discuss this ...

http://www.clg.ox.ac.uk/blunsom/pubs/supertagging.pdf

1All example lexical types given in this paper are taken di- rectly from the English Resource ..... score for lexical and context transformation rules ...

http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/~tim/pubs/pacling2005.pdf

different main verbs (types) by the total number of verbs (tokens) produced by each child. ... value, the greater the lexical diversity. It is particularly .... logarithmic transformations have been largely unsuc- cessful (1, 7). ...

http://www.informaworld.com/index/787554069.pdf

This menu lists the different types of :ecords, such as: 1. physician's record ... transformation is a letter-for-letter match between the submitted wordand the lexical ... to each lexical entity. This triggers the second step of ...

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2203829/pdf/procascamc00011-0176.pdf

Different types of the questions are treated slightly differently in the .... carries the main meaning of the question focus. It can be the next noun or the last .... —Learning search engine specific query transformations for question ...

http://lms.comp.nus.edu.sg/papers/text/2002/trec02-qa.pdf

We will see that each subset addresses different kinds of lexical problems. ... There are two main kinds of LFs: paradigmatic LFs and syntagmatic LFs. ..... in this case, these items have been affected by a complete transformation of ...

http://rali.iro.umontreal.ca/Publications/urls/RamosToulouse.pdf

lexical, syntactic, morphological and logical. The main task in the RTE-2 challenge was .... The model is defined using some calculus of transformations on .... Different types of prepositional tags are prep_in, prep_to, prep_with etc. ...

http://airccse.org/journal/ijaia/papers/0111ijaia04.pdf

The main goal is i) to find out if Brill's system is immediately ... The name reflects the fact that the tagger is based on transformations or rules, and learns by ..... corpus with different types of texts, including fiction, poetry, ...

http://stp.ling.uu.se/~bea/publ/megyesi99-acai.pdf

the grammatical forms of many different sentence types”. Accordingly, ... pose a lexical transformation which operates on subcategorization frames .... The main drawback in Selkirk's account is that the two conditions ...

http://www.atlantisjournal.org/Papers/v16%20n1%202/v16%20n1%202-9.pdf

There are three main types of cues available to learners when making lexical references. Carton's (1971) taxonomy of knowledge sources includes three main ...

http://www.hawaii.edu/sls/uhwpesl/19(2)/Soria.pdf

What follows is a more detailed description of the main parts of our system. ... different types. Question types were limited to time, place, currency, organisation, length, ... chunk parser based on Transformation Lists [Ramshaw and Marcus, .... Miller, G, and Teibel, D., "A proposal for lexical disambiguation", ...

http://comminfo.rutgers.edu/~muresan/IR/TREC/Proceedings/t10_proceedings/papers/yorkQA_paper.pdf

afield of our main questions for lexical semantics: what is the semantic ..... between types. That is, positing a type distinction in a lexical theory will require ...... well as a catalogue of which sorts of transformations there are. ...

http://timeml.org/jamesp/lexsemastypes-9.pdf

The main types of inflectional morphology in English .... with other types of lexical information, including spelling, sound and meaning23. ..... rather, they perform a transformation of the input data41. Finally, the statistics of ...

http://www.linguistics.pomona.edu/thornton/lgcs185c/readings/SeidenbergGonnerman00.pdf

The main interest in the study of this compound type lies in the fact that the ...... because of the low presence of [NV]V compounds in Catalan, other types of .... A lexical transformation for verbal compounds. Linguistic Inquiry 9:99- ...

http://www.lingref.com/cpp/decemb/5/paper1618.pdf

to implement one of the main model management operators, namely ModelGen, in a ... guishes between different types of associations in order to merge two models . ..... the identifier components lexically to ensure that the generated ...

http://dbs.cs.uni-duesseldorf.de/BTW2007/KenscheQuix.pdf

A main task in this project is the development of general purpose data structures ... (called non-lexical object types), dotted circles for attributes (called lexical ..... While treating the transformation into tables, the subject of ...

http://www.uni-saarland.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Fachrichtungen/fr13_BWL/professuren/PDF/heft100.pdf

4.2 Statistics on discovered non-trivial ETS0 transformations .... main reasons for this situation is the apparent lack of suitable structural frame- ...... different types of sub-lexical models. For HMMs representing single phones (Ex- ...

http://www.cstr.ed.ac.uk/downloads/publications/2005/gutkin_phd_full.pdf